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P31220 Lab

Ohm’s Law and DC Circuits

Purpose: Students will become familiar with DC potentiometers circuits and Ohm’s Law.

Introduction:

Ohm’s Law for electrical resistance, V = IR, states the relationship between current, voltage,

and electrical resistance. If R is constant, V is proportional to I. However, the resistance of a

device can’t always be assumed to be a constant. If you did the “Properties of Resistors” lab,

you might recall that electrical resistance varies with temperature. Diodes are designed to

conduct electricity in only one direction, and thermistors are designed to be especially sensitive

to temperature. Batteries have an internal resistance that is a consequence of the internal

chemistry of the battery. Chemical reactions in the battery cause the internal resistance to

increase. Batteries go “dead” not because they lose voltage, but because their internal resistance

increases to the point where current can no longer flow.

In this lab, you will observe how Ohm’s Law works, you’ll learn about voltage dividers, and

you’ll learn how to measure the internal resistance of a battery.

About Voltmeters, Ammeters, and Ohmmeters:

The table below summarizes the important characteristics of meters and how to connect them so

that the meter has a minimal effect on the circuit. The “resistor” in the table could be any circuit

element with resistance, such as an actual resistor, a light bulb, a motor, a diode, etc. The DMM

can be used as an ammeter, voltmeter, or ohmmeter. It is important to understand that Ammeters

have very small resistance, and Voltmeters have very large resistance. Ohmmeters basically are

voltmeters that use a known voltage from a battery inside the meter, and therefore should not be

used when other voltages are present.

Meter

Measures

Meter’s

own

resistance

Connected to

circuit

element

Circuit Diagram

Circuit is

Voltmeter

Voltage

“across”

resistor

very big

In Parallel

Ammeter

Current

“through”

resistor

very

small

In Series

Ohmmeter

Resistance

”of”

resistor

Big. Uses

its own

battery

In Parallel

Element is

disconnected

OFF and

disconnected

1 2 3 4 5 6 ... 11 12

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Seite 1 - Ohm’s Law and DC Circuits

P31220 Lab 1 Ohm’s Law and DC Circuits Purpose: Students will become familiar with DC potentiometers circuits and Ohm’s Law. Introduction: Ohm’s L

Seite 2 - Multimeter (DMM)

P31220 Lab Name: ________________________________ Lab Section: ________________ T.A.’s ____________________________________________ Today’s Lab P

Seite 3

P31220 Lab Name: ________________________________ Lab Section: ________________ T.A.’s ____________________________________________ Today’s Lab P

Seite 4

P31220 Lab Name: ________________________________ Lab Section: ________________ T.A.’s ____________________________________________ Today’s Lab P

Seite 5

P31220 Lab 2 Using the DMM’s: You will be using two DMM’s (Digital Multimeters) in this lab. One of these will be used as a voltmeter, and the other

Seite 6 - Clean-Up:

P31220 Lab 3 Experiment 1: Find the internal resistance of a Battery (15 minutes) You have a 9V battery. Use the DMM to measure its voltage. There

Seite 7

P31220 Lab 4 Experiment 3: Building the Potentiometer Circuit (5 minutes) If you did the “Properties of Resistors” lab, you might recall that the lo

Seite 8

P31220 Lab 5 Experiment 4: Measuring Resistance as a Function of Voltage Now, things get a little more interesting. Carbon resistors, light bulbs,

Seite 9

P31220 Lab 6 General instructions:  Record your data in the data table at the end of the lab. You do not have to fill in all of the boxes. Extra ro

Seite 10

P31220 Lab Name: ________________________________ Lab Section: ________________ T.A.’s ____________________________________________ Today’s Lab P

Seite 11

P31220 Lab Name: ________________________________ Lab Section: ________________ T.A.’s ____________________________________________ Today’s Lab P

Seite 12 -  V vs. I for a diode

P31220 Lab Name: ________________________________ Lab Section: ________________ T.A.’s ____________________________________________ Today’s Lab P

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